The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) is deeply saddened by the passing of veteran journalist Mduduzi Dlamini on Friday, 15 November, at the age of 55.
Dlamini was a trailblazer in arts, culture, and fashion reporting, earning widespread respect for his passion and relentless pursuit of the truth. His colleagues fondly remember him as a dedicated journalist who embodied the ethos of the “3 AM school of journalism,” a nod to British reporters who worked tirelessly to secure exclusive stories before the day broke.
“Mduduzi approached his investigative pieces with unrelenting determination, much like a rottweiler with a bone. He would not rest until he uncovered the full truth,” recalls Mapula Nkosi, Managing Editor of *City Press*. She first encountered Dlamini years ago in the “City Press” newsroom, where his work ethic and enthusiasm stood out, especially during the rise of tabloid journalism.
Dlamini’s career spanned various publications, including Sunday World and City Press. He was also a frequent contributor to local radio stations, where he shared his insights on celebrity culture across music, television, and film. His colleagues admired his breadth of knowledge, which extended beyond the arts to encompass topics like history, literature, fashion, and even the economy.
“Reading Mduduzi’s reviews was like experiencing a perfect symphony,” says Nkosi. “His incredible knowledge and sharp mind were evident in every piece he wrote. He dedicated his entire life to journalism, often sleeping in the newsroom after chasing down sources. It was his second home.”
Despite his fiery personality and uncompromising honesty, which sometimes led to clashes with colleagues, Dlamini’s contributions to journalism were immense. Nkosi also recalls his many talents outside the newsroom, describing him as a self-taught photographer, a skilled cook, and an animal lover.
Sonia Motaung, a former colleague at City Press, admired Dlamini’s unmatched energy and tenacity. “He showed us how to be true journalists,” she says. “There was no social media to provide leads; we had to uncover stories ourselves. Mduduzi excelled at this. His passing is a tremendous loss, and he will be deeply missed.”
Tim Molobi, City Press news editor describes Dlamini as “humble, hardworking and reliable”. “That was Mduduzi during his time at City Press. He brought life to our celebrity pages with his courageous, well researched and thought-provoking stories. Journalism is poorer without him.”
Sanef extends its heartfelt condolences to Dlamini’s family, friends, and colleagues during this difficult time. His unwavering dedication to journalism leaves an enduring legacy that will continue to inspire generations of reporters.
Note to Editors:
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) is a non-profit organisation whose members are editors, senior journalists, and journalism trainers from all areas of South African media. We are committed to championing South Africa’s hard-won freedom of expression and promoting quality, ethics, and diversity in the South African media. We promote excellence in journalism by fighting for media freedom, writing policy submissions, research, and education and training programmes. Sanef is not a union.
Veteran journalist, editor, radio talk-show host, and commentator on African affairs, Jean-Jacques CornishThe South African National Editors’ Forum (SANEF) mourns the passing of veteran journalist, editor, radio talk-show host, and commentator on African affairs, Jean-Jacques (JJ) Cornish.
Cornish, who passed away last week, leaves behind an extraordinary legacy. His illustrious career began as the London Bureau Chief of the South African Press Association (SAPA) and included roles as a special correspondent to the United Nations at just 25 years old. He also edited and managed several newspapers and served as the Africa correspondent for Radio 702, for over a decade. In 2003, he transitioned to presenting ‘The Africa Report’ on 702, where his commentary and insights on the continent enriched South Africa’s public discourse.
Acting government spokesperson Nomonde Mnukwa described Cornish’s death as “a significant loss” to journalism and the African narrative he worked passionately to elevate.
“The government extends heartfelt condolences to the family, friends, and colleagues of Jean-Jacques Cornish, who dedicated his life to journalistic excellence, both locally and internationally. As a former London Bureau Chief of SAPA, JJ ensured South African stories were told on a global platform. His nuanced commentary on African affairs helped shape a deeper understanding of the continent’s complexities and opportunities,” said Mnukwa.
Cornish’s impact was felt deeply by his colleagues in the media. Ray White, a former colleague at 702, remembered Cornish as a quick-witted storyteller and an all-round journalist.
“JJ was my morning connection to news from the continent. His quick wit and masterful storytelling were highlights of my drive to work. I first became aware of him during my time at the SABC when I would listen to 702 for updates. Later, when I joined Eyewitness News (EWN), I had the privilege of working with this legend. I still miss those phone calls—always filled with laughter and professionalism. I hope we will continue those conversations one day, beyond the clouds,” said White.
John Robbie, a former morning talk-show host at 702, paid tribute to Cornish while marvelling at his intelligence, principles, and humour.
“JJ was a remarkable journalist with a unique gift for making news—whether complex or simple—engaging and compelling, without exaggeration or hyperbole. He loved Africa and South Africa deeply, along with all its people. He was an absolute professional. I loved him to bits,” said Robbie.
Robbie also reflected on a difficult period when management at 702 decided to replace Cornish on ‘The Africa Report’.
“It was handled very clumsily. I was against the move and was instructed not to discuss it until the announcement. I promised JJ we would share a beer someday, and I would tell him the full story. Now, that day will never come,” Robbie lamented.
SANEF Council member Amina Frense-Kasrils described Cornish as a wonderful role model with sound insights on numerous subjects.
Veteran editor Peter Fabricius said JJ was an institution in SA journalism and the doyen of South African diplomatic correspondents.
“He had been reporting SA’s foreign relations since the 1970s and could later regale his audiences with amusing ales of the exploits of foreign minister Pik Botha berating apartheid SA’s enemies at the United Nations, etc. He later covered the sometimes-unexpected foreign relations of the new ANC government for Independent Newspapers during the 1990s, including President Mandela’s reluctance to break diplomatic ties with Taiwan in favour of China, as well as summits of the Commonwealth, Non-Aligned Movement and the like as the new SA emerged from its long isolation and opened up to the world.”
“From the turn of the century JJ moved into radio journalism and with his wit and gift of the gab, he was ideal for that medium. And with his charm and eloquence he could easily have been an ambassador himself. But beneath the charm, lay a deep knowledge of empathy with Africa, strong principles, and a sympathy for the underdog. On a few occasions, for example, he clashed publicly with Moroccan diplomats because of his strong advocacy of the cause of Western Saharan independence,” Fabricius said.
SANEF sends its condolences to JJ’s family and wide circle of proud colleagues and friends. His legacy as a trailblazing journalist, storyteller, and advocate for African affairs will continue to inspire generations to come.
Note to Editors:
The South African National Editors’ Forum (SANEF) is a non-profit organisation whose members are editors, senior journalists, and journalism trainers from all areas of South African media. We are committed to championing South Africa’s hard-won freedom of expression and promoting quality, ethics, and diversity in the South African media. We promote excellence in journalism by fighting for media freedom, writing policy submissions, research, and education and training programmes. SANEF is not a union.
Public Protector advocate Kholeka Gcaleka flanked by Sanef chairperson Nwabisa Makunga, deputy chair Tshamano Makhadi. Back row: Reggy Moalusi, Glenda Daniels, Sbun Ngalwa, Hopewell Radebe
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) congratulates its chairperson Nwabisa Makunga on her recent appointment as the Managing Director for News and Media at Arena Holdings.
Sanef believes that Nwabisa’s promotion bodes well for the future of the media in this country. Not only is Nwabisa an advocate for media freedom, but she is also a champion for the sustainability of the media in South Africa.
As a result of her new role, Nwabisa will relinquish her chairpersonship of Sanef to focus on her new role. While Sanef is sad to see Nwabisa go, but the organisation is comforted by the knowledge that Nwabisa will continue to be an ally – advancing the course of media sustainability and media freedom within the top management at Arena.
Makunga previous served as Sanef’s treasurer-general and deputy chairperson, demonstrating her unwavering dedication and exceptional leadership. She will officially handover to a new chairperson, who will be elected at the Sanef Council meeting in Cape Town, in February 2025
At the time of her promotion, Nwabisa – working with Sanef’s Managing Committee (Mancom) – was leading Sanef’s efforts to futureproof the news media and ensure that it survives the unpredictable and challenging times that we are facing as an industry. This work will continue under the direction of the Mancom.
Reflecting on her resignation, Makunga said: “I am stepping down as the chairperson, it is the right thing to do considering the scope and nature of my new responsibility. I continue to support the work of Sanef and believe the organisation has capable leaders to take the baton and continue the work to deliver its mandate. While I look forward to the new adventure at Arena Holdings, it is bittersweet to leave Sanef, especially at a time when we are on the cusp of launching the Journalism Sustainability Fund, a pioneering project I have been privileged to lead.”
At its meeting held on Saturday, 16 November 2024, the SANEF Council congratulated and wished Nwabisa well in her new role.
The same Council meeting was earlier addressed by Public Protector advocate Kholeka Gcaleka who unpacked the work done by her office in the past year and als0 highlighted the challenges facing her office.
Gcaleka reiterated her commitment to accountability and transparency as vital for restoring public trust in governance. She noted the media’s role in raising public awareness and mentioned ongoing digitisation efforts in her office that are aimed at improving efficiency and reducing case backlogs.
She provided updates on various investigations, including the case of a primary school regarding water quality issues in the Eastern Cape, while also addressing gender-based violence and food contamination in schools.
She reported a 90% delivery rate for the Public Protector’s office and plans to launch a self-service portal for tracking complaints. She advocated for legislative clarity regarding the distinction between the public protector as an individual and as an institution, and she emphasised the need for emotional well-being among team members.
She also called for reforms to the Promotion of Access to Information Act to enhance transparency and accessibility, particularly for non-English speakers, and expressed gratitude for the support received from various organisations including Sanef.
Arrest, intimidation of journalists in Mozambique.
The council reflected on issues of media freedom following the Mozambican authorities’ detention of two journalists who were covering the unrests in that country.
The council strongly condemns the Mozambican authorities for the intimidation, harassment, and unjust detention of journalists, including South African reporters Bongani Siziba and Sbonelo Mkhasibe from News Central TV, along with Mozambican journalist Charles Mangwiro. Their arbitrary arrest while reporting on anti-government protests in Maputo is a flagrant violation of international protocols protecting press freedom.
Journalists play a vital role in promoting accountability and transparency. Mozambique, as a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and a signatory to the African Union’s freedom of the media protocols, has a duty to uphold these values. The detention of these journalists, compounded by reports of their mistreatment, including being blindfolded during their arrest, is a grave affront to media freedom and human rights.
While Sanef acknowledges the eventual release of Siziba and Mkhasibe, we remain deeply concerned about the pattern of escalating attacks on journalists in Mozambique. The assault on Rádio e Televisão Encontro journalists César Rafael and Valdemiro Amisse in Nampula, and the expulsion of two Portuguese journalists earlier this month under dubious pretenses, highlight a worrying trend. Such actions undermine the fundamental freedoms enshrined in the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the UN’s principles on the protection of journalists.
We are further alarmed by the ongoing digital repression in Mozambique, including social media and mobile internet shutdowns. These measures not only restrict press freedom but also disrupt the operations of online publications across the SADC region, stifling the flow of information vital for informed public discourse.
Sanef echoes the demands of the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) for a full and transparent explanation of the journalists’ detention and immediate accountability from Mozambican authorities. Journalism is not a crime, and the work of journalists must not be hindered through intimidation or violence.
We urge Mozambique to reaffirm its commitment to protecting press freedom, ensuring the safety of journalists, and halting its regressive trajectory. Sanef calls on SADC member states, the African Union, and international bodies to hold Mozambique accountable and to advocate for the protection of journalists and the safeguarding of freedom of expression across the region.
On the plight of freelance journalism in the country.
Despite the profound transformations in media labour, Sanef noted that there is limited research on the state and working conditions of freelance journalists. In response, Sanef collaborated with the Henry Nxumalo Foundation (HNF) and commissioned a study to better understand the current state of freelance journalism in South Africa.
The Council received a research report on the plight of freelance journalism. The report outlined the challenges and opportunities of freelance journalism in the country, stating that freelance journalism has become increasingly prominent in the media industry, especially in South Africa. This trend has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which normalised remote work. However, long before the pandemic, freelance journalism was already being driven by a media crisis marked by declining revenue, reduced advertising income, and significant job losses. It noted that this crisis forced many skilled journalists and media professionals into freelancing.
The report stated that their working conditions were difficult, and compensation was appalling and inadequate. With many journalists entering the freelance space, the freelance market was also becoming highly competitive while freelance journalists juggled multiple jobs, doing self-promotion, administrative work, and budget planning on top of their primary work of being a journalist.
It also found that many freelancers feel that media houses do not adequately address their needs, such as timely payments, compensation for extra expenses, and inclusion in journalism events and newsroom meetings. This lack of professional attention has led to apathy among freelancers, negatively affecting overall professionalism.
Sanef has undertaken to establish guidelines for newsrooms regarding professional relations with freelancers. It undertook to work with freelancers’ organisations to improve their plight. Furthermore, related matters raised by the research report will be subject for discussion at the next council meeting in February.
Media and Digital Platforms Market Inquiry
The council also deliberated on the Media and Digital Platforms Market Inquiry and noted that the Competition Commission has delayed the release of its provisional market inquiry report on Media and Digital Platforms to 29 November.
Sanef is monitoring the situation and hoping the report will give a strong indication of how the Commission views the alleged anti-competitive conduct of digital platforms, including AI, and the financial impact this conduct has had on the news media and journalism. Sanef will continue to work with partner organisation to highlight the adverse and anti-competitive impact brought about by the high-tech industries and to propose alternative solutions to deal with the impact and the conditions of market failure.
Note to Editors:
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) is a non-profit organisation whose members are editors, senior journalists, and journalism trainers from all areas of South African media. We are committed to championing South Africa’s hard-won freedom of expression and promoting quality, ethics, and diversity in the South African media. We promote excellence in journalism by fighting for media freedom, writing policy submissions, research, and education and training programmes. Sanef is not a union.
Former Daily Sun photographer, Lucky Morajane (Image: Supplied)
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) is saddened by Lucky Morajane’s passing on Tuesday.
Morajane worked for the Daily Sun for several years. He left the newspaper a few years back.
Amos Mananyetso, Daily Sun editor, said: “Malaczen,” as his colleagues affectionately knew him, was just more than a colleague. We talked about anything and everything related to life and its challenges. He was one of the most talented photographers I have ever known, humorous too. He had an eye for a news picture and never argued much. A lot of young reporters learned a lot from him as he was a good teacher.
“Lucky was one of Daily Sun’s greatest ambassadors because he knew our purpose; he knew the Daily Sun story and the readers, the SunPeople, were close to his big heart. Away from work, Lucky was a father who loved his two daughters with everything he had.
Siphiwe Mhlambi, the veteran photographer, said: “Morajane knew what he was what he is doing. He was always searching for knowledge and someone who admired the older generation. We are all shocked to learn of his passing. He was a gentle giant and soul, and I always made time for him. Whenever we met at gigs, we always had time for quick chats. He is too young to die. He never stopped talking about his two little girls. The news of his passing is saddening.”
He was bright and understood the news industry is not for sissies, especially when you are a freelancer as you are also searching for knowledge and upskilling. He was never shy to ask.”
Nahima Ahmed, a former Daily Sun news editor and colleague of Morajane, said: “Lucky Morajane was a true all-rounder in both photography and videography. From breaking news and political briefings to football matches and entertainment events, he excelled in every aspect of visual storytelling, capturing each moment with remarkable skill and precision. I had the privilege of working alongside him for nearly two decades, witnessing his dedication and talent firsthand, which earned him my utmost respect and admiration.
“More than just an artist, Lucky was a generous mentor. He guided young photographers and videographers with the same care he extended to the late Chris Moagi, leaving a legacy that shaped many careers.
Lucky’s sense of humour was unforgettable, and he insisted we call him “Dr. Morajane” in the newsroom — a name that many of us, me included, happily used.
My heart goes out to his daughters and family, who have lost an extraordinary father, friend, and mentor. His influence and spirit have left an indelible mark on us all. My deepest condolences to his family.”
Photographer and former colleague, Robert Tlapu said: “Dr. Morajane” as he used to address himself, Lucky Morajane was one of the easy-going ex-colleagues I have shared a working space with. He was very polite, but sometimes very impatient, especially if he was assigned to do a job he didn’t like. He loved his job, but he preferred to sit back and relax in the office some days, like a “Dr Morajane” in his office. You will be missed the doctor of photography. Rest easy Lucky Morajane.”
Note to Editors:
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) is a non-profit organisation whose members are editors, senior journalists, and journalism trainers from all areas of South African media. We are committed to championing South Africa’s hard-won freedom of expression and promoting quality, ethics, and diversity in the South African media. We promote excellence in journalism through fighting for media freedom, writing policy submissions, research, and education and training programmes. Sanef is not a union.
The South African National Editors’ Forum joins the world in the call for the ending of impunity for crimes against journalists ahead of the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists on Monday 4 November 2024.
With the rise of conflicts and other crises, crimes against journalists are one of the most important and complex challenges of recent times.
António Guterres, the United Nations Secretary-General, said in his message on Saturday, 2 November 2024, the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists, that the UN reaffirms its commitment to press freedom and the safety of journalists worldwide.
“A free press is fundamental to human rights, democracy, and the rule of law. Yet journalists around the world are prevented from doing their job and often face threats, violence, and even death in their mission to bring truth to light and hold the powerful to account.”
Guterres said in recent years, the world has seen an alarming rate of fatalities in conflict zones – in particular in Gaza, which has seen the highest number of killings of journalists and media workers in any war in decades.
“Worldwide, an estimated 9 out of 10 journalist murders go unpunished. Impunity breeds further violence. This must change,” he said as he emphasised calls for respecting and protecting journalists, media professionals and associated personnel working in situations of armed conflict.
“I call on governments to bring these commitments to life by taking urgent steps to protect journalists, investigate crimes against them, and prosecute perpetrators – everywhere. Together, let’s end the cycle of violence, uphold freedom of expression, and ensure that journalists can carry out their essential work safely and without fear – everywhere,” Guterres said.
Safety of Journalists in Crises and Emergencies
UNESCO’s monitoring in 2023 recorded that more than 50% of journalist killings occurred in crisis- and conflict zones, with continuously high numbers in the first half of 2024.
Many journalists, media professionals, and associated media personnel exercise their duties in highly dangerous contexts. Too many pay an unacceptably high price, including death, enforced disappearance, torture, unlawful detention, and kidnapping, for producing independent, reliable, and verifiable information.
According to UNESCO, these tragedies are only the tip of the iceberg. Media infrastructure is often damaged or destroyed, and journalists face physical attacks, detention, equipment confiscation or denial of access to reporting sites. Many are forced to flee or cease work, risking turning conflict areas into “zones of silence”.
Whether reporting on conflict, humanitarian disasters, climate or health crises, UNESCO noted that journalists continue to face disproportionate threats and higher levels of impunity for extrajudicial killings, torture, enforced disappearances and arbitrary detention, as well as intimidation and harassment, both offline and online.
Latin America and the Caribbean continues to be the region with the highest number of murders of journalists, according to the 2022 UNESCO Director-General’s Report on the Safety of Journalists and the Danger of Impunity.
Since 1993, more than 1,700 journalists have been killed for reporting the news and bringing information to the public. Impunity leads to more killings and is often a symptom of worsening conflict and the breakdown of law and judicial systems.
While killings are the most extreme form of media censorship, journalists are also subjected to countless threats – ranging from kidnapping, torture and other physical attacks to harassment, particularly in the digital sphere. Threats of violence and attacks against journalists, in particular, create a climate of fear for media professionals, impeding the free circulation of information, opinions and ideas for all citizens.
Women journalists are particularly impacted by threats and attacks, notably by those made online. According to UNESCO’s discussion paper, The Chilling: Global trends in online violence against women journalists, 73 percent of the women journalists surveyed said they had been threatened, intimidated and insulted online in connection with their work.
In many cases, threats of violence and attacks against journalists are not properly investigated. This impunity emboldens the perpetrators of the crimes and at the same time has a chilling effect on society, including journalists themselves.
The South African National Editors’ Forum held its annual gala dinner last night where guest speaker Judge President of the Supreme Court of Appeal Mahube Molemela affirmed the right of journalists to report freely while ensuring they practice their craft responsibly.
The event held at The Venue, Houghton Hotel in Johannesburg, commemorated the 47th anniversary of “Black Wednesday.”
This year’s event carried profound significance as South Africa marks thirty years of democracy and media freedom under the theme: “30 Years of Democracy: A Journey of Freedom and the Unyielding Power of Media in South Africa.”
Justice Molemela delivered a poignant tribute to the resilience of journalists and activists during the apartheid era. She recalled the sacrifices of individuals like Donald Woods and Steve Biko, who risked their safety and their lives, in pursuit of truth. “At that time, media freedom was a dream,” Molemela stated.
Today, she noted, freedom of expression is enshrined in the Constitution and fiercely protected. “We now have an environment that balances the rights of journalists to report accurately while ensuring that their reporting is free from distortion and exaggeration. Journalists are expected to give all sides of the story a fair hearing, according to the dictates of ethical journalism,” Molemela asserted, referring to this practice as “a sacred principle.”
However, Molemela cautioned that contemporary challenges persist. “We now face the social media terror of misinformation, disinformation, propaganda, and threats against those who speak up,” she said. She underscored the dangers posed by the overwhelming data available online, which can lead to vulnerabilities regarding privacy and the spread of false information. “Misinformation and disinformation are disseminated so easily that despite our Constitutional safeguards, we can still fall prey to the snares of propagandists seeking to undermine the Bill of Rights, which represents the fruits of our hard-won democracy,” she warned. Click here to access her speech.
Master of Ceremonies Cathy Mohlahlana opened the evening by highlighting the theme’s relevance, encapsulating South Africa’s journey over the past three decades. She emphasised the strides made in democracy and the essential role media freedom continues to play in shaping the nation’s narrative, promoting transparency, and upholding democratic principles. “This milestone is worthy of celebration,” Mohlahlana remarked, “marking our progress in safeguarding freedom of expression and promoting journalistic integrity in our nation.”
The evening was a time to reflect on the historical significance of “Black Wednesday,” a dark chapter in South Africa’s history. On 19 October 1977, apartheid-era Justice Minister Jimmy Kruger outlawed more than eighteen organisations, including the Union of Black Journalists and three newspapers: The World, Weekend World, edited by Percy Qoboza, and Pro Veritate. Many journalists and black consciousness leaders were detained and banned in an attempt to silence those exposing the regime’s atrocities.
Nwabisa Makunga, SANEF Chairperson, reiterated the importance of the event as a platform to honour the work of journalism, under increasingly difficult circumstances.
She emphasised the ongoing need for support to sustain SANEF’s mission of promoting media freedom in South Africa.
In her remarks, Makunga expressed gratitude to the sponsors for their crucial role in SANEF’s work to promote public interest journalism and broaden access to information to ensure people are able to make informed decisions about their society.
“Journalism needs to get three important things right,” she asserted. “We must develop the right skills to respond to the information needs of our society, promote access to information more broadly, and fight to remain sustainable.”
She acknowledged that much more must be done to empower newsrooms and individual media practitioners to perform their work accurately and fairly, helping society make sense of the world. “SANEF recognises that it is essential to foster depth and nuance in journalism,” Makunga added.
Sydney Mbhele, Absa Group Chief Marketing & Corporate Affairs Officer, highlighted the indispensable role of media in shaping society. “Democracy and media freedom are inextricably linked,” he stated. “For our democracy to flourish, protecting the freedom of the press is essential.”
Mbhele continued to honour the sacrifices of those committed to truth and accountability. “Their work informs and empowers us, equipping society with the knowledge to challenge injustice and hold power to account,” he emphasised. “Beyond just delivering information, the media acts as a beacon of transparency, a guardian of public discourse, and a catalyst for change, driving progress across political, economic, social, and cultural spheres.”
The evening culminated in a shared commitment among attendees to uphold and protect the freedoms that have been fought for and won over the past thirty years, reinforcing the media’s critical role in sustaining democracy in South Africa.
The South African National Editors’ Forum (SANEF) is a non-profit organisation whose members are editors, senior journalists, and journalism trainers from all areas of South African media. We are committed to championing South Africa’s hard-won freedom of expression and promoting quality, ethics, and diversity in the South African media. We promote excellence in journalism through fighting for media freedom, writing policy submissions, research, and education and training programmes. SANEF is not a union.
SABC board member, Phathiswa Magopeni, Centre for Creative Arts director, Dr. Ismail Mohamed, and Webber Wentzel’s media lawyer, Dario Milo, moderated by CfE’s director, Anton Harber. Pic: MMA
Johannesburg – The 2024 edition of the Media Freedom Festival, which concluded on Thursday, 17 October 2024, addressed key challenges facing journalism, including threats to media freedom, the mental health of journalists, and the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on media sustainability.
This annual event is held in honour of Black Wednesday (19 October 1977), the pivotal day in South Africa’s history when the apartheid regime launched a clampdown on political and media organisations. The World and Weekend World, two anti-apartheid newspapers, were among the publications banned, and the editor, Percy Qoboza, and other journalists, were detained.
This year, the Media Freedom Festival was jointly organised with organisations committed to media freedom, including the South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef), the Press Council, Campaign for Freedom of Expression (CfE), SOS Support Public Broadcasting Coalition (SOS), the Government Communication and Information System (GCIS), the Association for Independent Publishers (AIP), the SABC, and international partners, including the Goethe-Institut and the German Embassy.
Under the theme “Media for Democracy: Ensuring Access, Accountability, and Integrity,” the event began with a presentation by the CfE on the 2024 State of Free Expression in South Africa report, titled A Need for Vigilance. The report highlighted key issues like gender-based attacks on journalists and the use of the courts to silence them. A panel discussion followed, featuring SABC board member and Sanef’s sub-committee chairperson on education and training, Phathiswa Magopeni, Centre for Creative Arts Director Dr. Ismail Mohamed, and Webber Wentzel’s media law expert Dario Milo, moderated by CfE’s director, Anton Harber. They discussed critical challenges such as SLAPP lawsuits, threats to free expression, journalistic independence, and media sustainability. Magopeni noted that job insecurity for journalists is like a “new jail,” pushing them to avoid questioning critical issues to protect their jobs.
The day concluded with a high-level panel discussion featuring Newzroom Afrika anchor, Naledi Moleo, Bianca Dormuth, from the German Embassy, Sanef’s Treasurer-General and EWN Editor-at-Large, Sbu Ngalwa, MMA’s director William Bird, and Deputy Minister in the Presidency, Kenneth Morolong. The panel explored issues related to journalists’ safety, independent media, investment, and the Media Freedom Coalition.
Morolong reaffirmed the government’s commitment to strengthening its relationship with the media, emphasising that “the media is the lifeblood of a thriving democracy.” He also stressed the importance of government support for the Media Freedom Coalition. The panel shared his views, with Bird advocating for a clear action plan to address threats to media freedom.
The second day of the festival featured a discussion on “Elections and the Way Forward: Ethical Reporting in the Age of Online Harms.” The panel included Independent Electoral Commission’s chief electoral officer, Sy Mamabolo, SABC News Digital Audiovisual Head, Angie Kapelianis, and MMA’s Thandi Smith. Smith presented the Media Performance Review for the 2024 National and Provincial Elections, emphasising the importance of ongoing election coverage and the need to protect journalists during this period.
She also expressed concern over the rising reports of disinformation, with platforms like X (formerly Twitter), TikTok, and WhatsApp being the top sources of complaints. Mamabolo reaffirmed the IEC’s commitment to ensuring reliable and fair elections, underlining their dedication to upholding democratic values.
At the festival, author and journalist Qaanitah Hunter shared insights into the mental health challenges journalists face, highlighting the traumas they experience in the field. She specifically addressed the issue of social media harassment targeting women journalists, criticising the normalisation of cyberbullying, and calling for more dialogue around promoting healthy social media practices.
The festival concluded with a panel discussion on building a sustainable media industry, focusing on the future of the SABC, community media, and other media organisations. Uyanda Siyotula, from SOS, expressed concern over the sustainability of public service media, pointing out the absence of a funding model in the SABC Bill as a significant issue. The panel emphasised the need for media organisations to adapt to changing economic and media environments.
Shirley Govender, from AIP, gave a sobering assessment of the challenges facing community media, warning that without proper funding and resources, some community outlets could shut down, leaving communities without vital access to information. She called for policy reforms and capacity-building efforts to ensure the survival of community newsrooms.
The 2024 Media Freedom Festival highlighted the essential role of journalists as defenders of democracy, issuing a strong call to tackle misinformation and address critical issues such as journalist safety and media sustainability.
Makhanda – The School of Journalism and Media Studies (JMS) of Rhodes University, in partnership with the Eastern Cape office of the South African National Editors’ Forum, Sanef, are hosting a webinar on Friday, October 18 to officially launch the Makhanda Declaration — a bold call to revitalise journalism in South Africa.
The milestone event marking SA Media Freedom Day on October 19 is a historical commemoration of Black Wednesday in 1977 which saw the apartheid state’s banning and closing of the World and Sunday World and the imprisonment of several anti-apartheid journalists under the Internal Security Act.
The Makhanda Declaration revisits the commitment and purpose of the Windhoek Declaration of 1991 which was crafted by African journalists and media professionals 33 years ago to promote the importance of journalism on the continent.
The new declaration was drafted by journalists, academics and scholars to deliberate on current challenges facing South African communities of journalistic practice at a summit in Makhanda in April 2024.
Over three days, stakeholders identified strategies that must be pursued to ensure the future of journalism that contributes to the public good. The Declaration captures their shared commitment to supporting and strengthening journalism and provides concrete guidelines that can enable them to put this commitment into practice and compel other stakeholders to do the same.
Delegates of the Journalism Summit mandated a Steering Committee to refine the Makhanda Declaration, by sharing its content broadly with South African and African stakeholders in the future of journalism.
The Steering Committee has completed this process and developed 11 clear goals for the future of journalism including investing in journalism as a public good, ensuring news media are financially sustainable and ending attacks and killing of journalists, among others.
We invite all media professionals to engage in a crucial conversation about the industry.
A panel of seasoned journalists and editors will reflect on the principles in the Declaration and the realities facing today’s newsrooms.
The webinar, which is due to take place at the Africa Media Matrix Building between 11h00 and 13h00, is titled Renewing our Commitment to the Endurance and Success of Journalism.
It will be a hybrid session and will include a public reading of the Declaration and a panel discussion of its importance to the South African journalistic community.
The panel will include Cheri-Ann James (editor of the Daily Dispatch); Heather Robertson (editor of Daily Maverick 168) Zikhona Tshona (Freelance journalist and producer) and Provincial editor SABC News: Eastern Cape (acting) Jurie Blignaut.
Physical and virtual guests will include representatives from Eastern Cape academic institutions – WSU, Nelson Mandela, RU – and various media houses.
For more information, contact:
Rhodes University head of Journalism and Media Studies head: Jeanne du Toit – 083 573 9970
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) highlights the critical role that responsible and factual journalism plays in serving the public interest and safeguarding the principles of democracy.
On “World News Day”, Saturday, 28th September 2024, Sanef proudly supports the global campaign theme, “Choose Truth,” initiated by our esteemed international partners including the Canadian Journalism Foundation, WAN-IFRA’s World Editors Forum, and Project Kontinuum.
This campaign calls on all members of the news industry and their supporters to champion fact-based journalism, which is the foundation of a free and open society. In a world where misinformation and disinformation can spread at unprecedented speeds, the commitment of journalists to uphold high standards of accuracy, ethics, and accountability has never been more critical.
South Africa’s strong tradition of media self-regulation, upheld by the Press Council of South Africa and the Broadcasting Complaints Commission of South Africa, is key to maintaining the integrity of our newsrooms.
These regulatory mechanisms ensure that our journalists operate within a framework that prioritises accuracy and public accountability, fostering trust in the media. This system not only holds journalists to account but also ensures that the public receives information that is accurate, balanced, and fair.
Factual Journalism as the Cornerstone of Democracy
Quality journalism is more than just a profession it is the backbone of a well-functioning democracy. Journalists dedicate themselves to verifying facts, examining sources, and presenting truth through rigorous investigative reporting. This process ensures that citizens are informed with clarity and certainty, empowering them to make sound decisions in public discourse and governance.
As Nwabisa Makunga, Chair of Sanef, aptly stated at the 2024 Nat Nakasa Awards in Durban in September, “What I believe should anchor the work we do is earning public trust. For us as journalists, the work we do can only have an impact and be effective if we largely enjoy the trust of those we serve.”
Sanef believes that building trust through truth-based journalism strengthens the social contract between the media and the public, ensuring transparency and fostering accountability in all levels of society.
On World News Day, Martha Ramos, President of the World Editors Forum, reminds us, “Quality journalism offers that and more. On World News Day, we come together as citizens to remember why such journalism matters and why it’s worth supporting ethical, trustworthy, and truth-seeking news media.”
Similarly, Kathy English, Chair of the Canadian Journalism Foundation, notes, “Journalism matters. Facts matter. Truth matters. Without the verified facts that can reveal truth, freedom and democracy can fail.”
As we celebrate World News Day 2024, Sanef calls on all South Africans to support quality journalism that values truth and integrity. Let us ‘choose truth’ and continue to advocate for a media environment that safeguards the public’s right to know.
Note to Editors:
The South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef) is a non-profit organisation whose members are editors, senior journalists, and journalism trainers from all areas of South African media. We are committed to championing South Africa’s hard-won freedom of expression and promoting quality, ethics, and diversity in the South African media. We promote excellence in journalism by fighting for media freedom, writing policy submissions, research, and education and training programmes. Sanef is not a union.
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The day concluded with a high-level panel discussion featuring Newzroom Afrika anchor, Naledi Moleo, Bianca Dormuth, from the German Embassy, Sanef’s Treasurer-General and EWN Editor-at-Large, Sbu Ngalwa, MMA’s director William Bird, and Deputy Minister in the Presidency, Kenneth Morolong. The panel explored issues related to journalists’ safety, independent media, investment, and the Media Freedom Coalition.
